Car-heater



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.,

W. O. DUNN.

GAR HEATER. No. 343,445. Patented June 8, 1886.

r I 1/ i N. PETERS. Plmio-LilhngrAphon Wzlhingtcn. D. c,

(N0 Model.) 2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

W. 0. DUNN.

GAB. HEATER.

No. 343,445. Patented June 8, 1886'.

(IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIII/llflI|ll|l a In. PETERiPhn!ol.ilhognphur, wmmn tan. n. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WARD C. DUNN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CAR-HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 343,445, dated June8,1886.

Application filed October 23, 1885. Serial No. 180,741. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, W'ARD G. DUNN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Oar-Heaters, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple and compact heater ofsmall weight, which may be placed where it will not occupy useful space,can be easily and perfectly controlled, shall give forth, no offensiveodor or noise, not be liable to frequently become clogged andunserviceable until overhauled, and which shall also develop thegreatest possible amount of heat from the fuel used. To meet theserequirements I have devised a heater of the general type known asvaporizing oil-stoves, which has many advantages over any other heaternow in use, as well as peculiar adaptations -to the particular use abovespecified, the same being hereinafter described in detail, and pointedout in the claims.

In the drawings hereto annexed, and forming a part of thisspecification, Figure 1 is a vertical section of my improved heater andits supply-tanks. Fig. 2 is a detail of a part of the vaporizer. Fig. 3is a modification showing water-pipes used as an adjunct to the heater;and Fig. 4 shows a modified interior construction of the supply-tank.

A main reservoir-tank, B, is attached to the floor of the car A, fromwhich the fuel is forced from time to time, as required,into supply-tankO, by means of pump I, through tube J this passage-way being closed,when desired, by valve or cock W.

To provide for forcing the oil from the supply-tank to the vaporizer, itis pumped into the former against atmospheric pressure; or, in case theoil absorbs too much of its atmospheric cushion when in actual contactwith it, I interpose a snugly-fitting piston, T, between the oil and theair cushion. If desired, a coil or other spring, V, may be placedbetween the piston and the head of the tank to give the oil greater headthan would be furnished by the resiliency of the air alone. If desired,the

'rear bearing of such spring may be against a 5 plate, X, Fig. 4,carried by a screw-threaded rod, X, playing in the head of the tank, byadjustment of which the pressure on the oil may be kept substantiallyuniform as the tank is emptied.

From the bottom of the supply-tank a small pipe, K, extends to thecylinder D of the vaporizer, said cylinder being divided into two partsby a diaphragm, as shown by dotted lines. From the lower part of thecylinder a tube, P, leads to a fiat ring-shaped space, R, just Withinthe fire-door of the heater. Asec- 0nd tube, Q, leads from the upperside of this annular space R to the upper part of cylinder D. Thisannular space constitutes the vaporizing-chamber, and is made of theshape shown, with a passage-way for the air through it, in order that itmay present a large surface to the action of the air, that overheatingthe fuel may be prevented and a constant and equable temperaturemaintained,

Between the two pipes P and Q, and within the annular space R, is acylindrical passageway of mixing-tube O, communicating freely with thefire-pot N of the retort. A small vent, Y, is provided in the upper partof cylinder D, through which the fuel is forced after having beenvaporized during its passage through the heated annular space R. Theamount of gas passing through the vent Y is regulated by the position ofa valve or cook, controlled by stem L, passing through a stuffing-box toa point where it is within easy reach of the attendant in charge of thecar. After passing through vent Y, the gas enters the mixing-tube O,and, together with a suitable quantity of atmospheric air, is drawn intocombustion-chamber N F. This combustionchamber, as shown, is made in twoparts, the main part, F, having a downward tubular extension, N, to thelower and outer end of which the vaporizing-chamber It is applied. Theproducts of combustion pass through tubes H H to the outer air. The partN of the combustion-chamber is formed in afilling, E, of fire-brick,which occupies the lower part of thecasing W, and the main part F is ofmetal, resting upon the fire-brick and occupy ing the larger portion ofthe upper part of the casing. The metal chamber F acts both as acombustion and as a radiating chamber.

To effect a preliminary heating of the oil before it reaches thevaporizing-chamber It, a tube, M, communicating with pipe K, is providedwith burners and placed under pipe 1?.

The cylinder D, with its vent, ring R, and pipes Q and P, together formwhat I hereinafter designate as the burner. The heat in the inclosedspace between the combustion-chamber and casing W, bolted to the floorof the car, as it becomes heated, rises through register G, and isreplaced by fresh air entering through ports Z Z.

In the modified form of Fig. 3 the register is dispensed with, awater-coil, S, being wound about the combustion-chamber andcommunicating with a heating-coil in the car, the latter being providedwith a suitable air-jacket. The heat passes from the water to the air,the water passing back to the first coil to be reheated and returned.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s-

1. The combination,in an oil-burning heater having a combustion-chamber,of cylinder D, provided with a diaphragm and a jet-orifice, Y,mixing-tube O, annular chamber R, surrounding the mixing-tube and placedin the entrance to the co1nbustion-chamber,and pipes P Q, connecting theannular chamber with the cylinder above and below the diaphragm,substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the supply-tank provided with pump I and pipesJ K, of piston T, spring V, head X, and rod X, the latter screw-threadedinto the head of the tank and furnishing an adjustable support for thespring, substantially as described.

3. The combination, in an oil-heater,of cylinder D, provided with adiaphragm and a jetorifice, Y, an annular chamber, R, surrounding apassage-way to the combustion-chamber of the heater, said annularchamber being connected by pipes with the cylinder D, both above andbelow its diaphragm, and valve and stem L, whereby the flow of gas fromthe jetorifice Y may be regulated, substantially as described and shown.

WVARD O. DUNN.

Witnesses:

FREDERICK (J. GooDwIN, E. L. HUBER.

